A strong acceleration of European climate policies requires a rethink of the entire energy paradigm and the exploitation of innovative technological options, including hydrogen, suitable for decarbonisation of hard-to-abate sectors where direct electrification is not technologically feasible or extremely costly.
Cutting emissions from building heating is one of the challenges (European Green Deal) that Europe faces in order to achieve climate neutrality by 2050.
In Italy, the heating of residential, commercial and public buildings accounts for over 17.7% of CO2 emissions, according to Ispra data.
The role of residential heating in atmospheric pollution is particularly significant; alone, in fact, it is responsible for 64% of the quantity of PM2.5, 53% of PM10 and 60% of CO emitted, contributing to the worsening of air quality.
In residential buildings, heating and cooling accounts for around 84% of total energy consumption, of which 14% relates to domestic water heating. It is therefore essential to renew heating systems by focusing on green solutions, and one of the possible alternatives is green hydrogen, i.e. hydrogen produced from renewable sources.
In the gas sector, the following trend is expected: a reduction in the use of methane gas in favour of biogas and hydrogen between now and 2050:
All efficient and renewable heating technologies are needed to achieve carbon neutrality.
Promoting the use of renewable and decarbonised gases in buildings, i.e. the presence of demand from all economic sectors is a key factor.
In an emergency situation such as that resulting from the spread of COVID-19, the issue of air conditioning in living environments, also taking into account pollutants and pathogens, has also become a matter of absolute priority. Controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) systems are therefore vital, as they automatically change the air and can be equipped with an exchanger that recovers the heat contained in the expelled hot air and a pathogen abatement element. In order to guarantee healthy air and safeguard the health of people who live and work indoors, it is therefore essential to rely on the action of VMC systems that allow the improvement of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) also through integration with traditional air conditioning systems and smart control systems to achieve the best result in terms of energy efficiency.